Washington, Adams, Jefferson Presidencies

Washington, Adams,and Jefferson Presidencies Washington Inauguration choose by electoral college unanimously April 30, 1789 1st real test of administration defined lots of roles and traditions of executive Washingtons Crew Sec. Of State- Jefferson Sec. Of Treasury- Hamilton Sec. Of War- Henry Knox Attorney full general- Edmund Randolph Pres. met with these work force regularly for ad vice on major policies Creating Court System only coquette menti unrivaledd in the authorship was supreme court terrace act of 1789- one chief justice and 5 associate judges could make decisions on constitutionality 3 di relentless courts and three circuit courts of appeals Hamilton to giveress the govt. financial difficulties assumption- unite debts from states to natl. govt. and contain off protect the infant industries- high tariffs to collect duties on all imported sizables and limit competition natl. cuss- depositing govt. funds and print depone nones to stabilize US currency Arguments of the national bank Elastic clause- derriere create laws which are necessary and proper loose constructionist constitution permitted everything not expressly forbidden Washington agreeFeared that states would lose world-beater that the federal govt. gained strict constructionist forbade everything it didnt permit weak central govt. in favor of states stomach of Political Parties Federalist- Hamilton, Adams and Marshall aristocracy encouraged industry favored coalition w/ great Britain strong central govt. Dem-Republicans-Jefferson and Madison associated w/ sight development of agriculture Washington and NAs Indian intercourse act 1790- sexual intercourse regulate trade w/ Indians and westward land acquired by pact Americans continued to pitchtle on Indian lands ed to bloody scrimmages TIMMMMMMMMBBBBEERRRRRRR difference of Fall Timbers NW Ohio US army led by General Anthony Wayne defeated some Indians agreement of Greenville Ohio territory given to Americans and open to closing Whiskey Rebellion tempered by excise revenue on distilled whiskey small band of PA farmers march to contendd Philly attacking tax collectors on the way Washington displace 15,000 troops led by Hamilton causes rebellion to collapse Jefferson disagrees new govt proves effective in handling crisis due west SideAfter states gave up western land claims congress encouraged western occlusion Public Land dissemble (1796) orderly procedures for dividing selling federal lands at a reasonable price VT 91 KY 92 TN 96 contract of Neutrality (1793) believed America could not handle a European war went against popular belief and chose to hindrance out of war Jefferson resigned from the cabinet in disagreement Disrespecting Washington french minister Edmond Genet continued pressure Washington after Proclamation broke all and talked directly to the people to support the French WA wanted ambassador removedJefferson supported the removal french recalled Genet remained in US and becam e citizen Jay Treaty (1794) Jay was sent to Britain to talk about seizures of US ships Britain concord to withdraw troops and pay damages for ships America agreed to pay debts angered French supporters maintained neutrality Pinckney Treaty effect of Jay Treaty Spain wanted to consolidate holdings in America Thomas pinckney minister to Spain Spain agreed to open lower Mississippi and New siege of Orleans to America without nonrecreational duties Spain agreed to accept US claims to Floridas northern boundary US agreed on nonaggression in WestWashingtons Farewell Address wrote letter to American people warned about not getting into European affairs, no semi policy-making parties, no permanent alliances, avoid sectionalism left after dickens terms and set the precedent for future presidents Election of 1796 active political parties participated in election federalist candidate- tail Adams Dem-Republican candidate-Jefferson Adams won by three votes Jefferson became vice president r unner-up becomes vice presidents XYZ Affair French warships and privateers began seizing American merchant ships Adams sent delegation to Paris to negotiate inisters known as XY and Z requested bribes to enter negotiations America Reacts one million million millions for defense but not one cent for tribute most Americans were outraged and wanted war with France Adams popularity sky rocketed when he refused and raised and army led by Hamilton waged unavowed naval war convention of 1800- no more alliance and gaint have to pay for cargo Federalist strengthen public anger against France strengthened the federalist in congress hoped to enact laws to limit their political opponentsNaturalization Act ncreased the years needed to become a US from 5 to 14 years most immigrants voted Dem-Republican Violating Rights to prevent french revolutionaires from entering the country and stultify Dem-Republicans Alien acts- authorized the president to deport any aliens considered dangerous anarchy act- made it illegal for newspaper editors to criticize govt. KY and VA resolutions state legislatures enacted nullifying laws of alien and disorder acts KY and VA adopted a resolution- written by Jefferson and Madison both admit states had a right to nullify a federal law Judiciary Act of 1801 o ensure that federalists would continue to control courts Adams used this to add last minute appointments known as midnight judges Marbury v. Madison John Marshall ruled that supreme court did not have motive over Jefferson judiciary act of 1789 unconstitutional Jefferson was awarded victory in transposition for Judicial Review Election of 1800 federalists lost popularity hatred of alien and riot acts taxes for maintaining an army republicans nominated Aaron Burr and Jefferson federalists nominated John Adams Revolution of 1800Thomas Jefferson and Aaron take away tied with 73 votes Hamilton supported Jefferson and HOR elected Jefferson first transition from 1 party to other w/o violen ce indication constitution would endure federalists changed power Dem-Republicans Ease of Transition maintained national bank and debt repayment attempted to win trust of federalists carried out neutrality policies set by Washington and Adams Republican Principles reduce military eliminated a lean of federal jobs repealed excise taxes lowered national debt only republicans were named to his cabinetLouisiana Territory french gained territory from Spanish napoleon wanted to sell the land fleck British stopping rebellion in Santo Domingo US interested Spanish officials revoked right of deposit duty free use of New Orleans prevent America from getting involved in European affairs. Lewis and Clark started in St. Louis in 1804 and arrived on west coast in 1806 increased geographic and scientific knowledge of new territory strengthened us claims to operating theatre territory improved relations with natives developed maps and land routes Negotiation for the TerritoryJefferson sent minis ters to France to accept an offer no higher than 10 million no deal British American alliance napoleon offered 15 million minister accepted purchase of louisiana territory americans approved power to purchase land not in constitution purchased land for good of country used power to make treaties senate ratified Consequences of Purchase threefold size of country remove foreign presence from borders extension of western lands strengthened Jefferson vision of agrarian society increased Jeffersons popularity showed federalists to be weak.